Sinusitis: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment Options, and When to See an ENT
- Madeleine Herman
- Apr 6
- 3 min read
By: Dr. Madeleine Herman, MD
Sinusitis, commonly called a sinus infection, occurs when the lining of the sinuses becomes inflamed and swollen, blocking normal drainage and allowing mucus to build up. This trapped mucus can lead to pressure, congestion, pain, and infection.
Sinusitis may be caused by viruses, bacteria, allergies, nasal polyps, structural blockage, or chronic inflammation. It can affect people of all ages and may occur occasionally or become a chronic problem.
Types of Sinusitis
🤧 Acute Sinusitis
Lasts less than 4 weeks
Often follows a cold or upper respiratory infection
Symptoms usually improve with time and supportive care
🔁 Subacute Sinusitis
Lasts 4–12 weeks
May follow unresolved acute infection
🌿 Chronic Sinusitis
Symptoms last longer than 12 weeks
Often associated with allergies, nasal polyps, or persistent inflammation
May require ENT evaluation and advanced treatment
⚡ Recurrent Sinusitis
Multiple sinus infections per year
May indicate underlying blockage or immune issues
For more information or to schedule an appointment to see a Houston, Texas ENT, visit SCENTHouston.com or call 833-SCENT-MD (833-723-6863)
Common Symptoms of Sinusitis
Symptoms may vary depending on severity and duration:
Nasal congestion or blockage
Thick nasal drainage (yellow, green, or cloudy)
Facial pressure or pain (cheeks, forehead, teeth)
Headache
Postnasal drip
Cough (especially at night)
Reduced smell or taste
Ear pressure or fullness
Fatigue
Fever (sometimes)
If symptoms persist beyond 10 days, worsen after initial improvement, or recur frequently, medical evaluation is recommended.
What Causes Sinusitis?
Several factors can block sinus drainage and trigger inflammation:
Viral infections (common cold)
Bacterial infections
Allergies causing chronic swelling
Nasal polyps
Deviated septum or narrow sinus openings
Smoking or air pollution
Dental infections
Immune system conditions
Reflux-related inflammation
Identifying the root cause helps guide effective treatment.
How ENTs Diagnose Sinusitis
ENT evaluation may include:
Detailed symptom history
Nasal examination
Nasal endoscopy to visualize inflammation, polyps, or drainage
CT scan of the sinuses when needed
Allergy testing if indicated
Not all sinus symptoms are caused by infection — proper diagnosis prevents unnecessary antibiotics and delays.
For more information or to schedule an appointment to see a Houston, Texas ENT, visit SCENTHouston.com or call 833-SCENT-MD (833-723-6863)
Treatment Options for Sinusitis
💊 Medical Treatment
Saline nasal rinses
Nasal steroid sprays
Short-term oral steroids in selected cases
Antibiotics when bacterial infection is confirmed
Allergy medications
🌬️ Office-Based Procedures
Balloon sinuplasty for selected patients
In-office sinus dilation
🔬 Surgical Treatment
Endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic or severe disease
Polyp removal
Septoplasty when structural blockage exists
Your ENT will tailor treatment based on severity, anatomy, and response to medication.
When Should You See an ENT for Sinus Problems?
Schedule an ENT visit if you experience:
Symptoms lasting longer than 10–14 days
Recurrent sinus infections
Chronic congestion or facial pressure
Reduced smell or taste
Nasal obstruction or mouth breathing
Frequent antibiotic use
Sinus headaches
Poor response to over-the-counter treatments
Early treatment prevents progression and improves quality of life.
For more information or to schedule an appointment to see a Houston, Texas ENT, visit SCENTHouston.com or call 833-SCENT-MD (833-723-6863)
Preventing Sinus Infections
Helpful strategies include:
Daily saline rinses
Managing allergies
Avoiding smoke exposure
Staying hydrated
Using humidifiers
Washing hands frequently
Treating reflux if present
Maintaining nasal hygiene
Expert Sinus Care in Houston
At SCENT Houston – Sinus Center & ENT Specialists of Houston, we specialize in comprehensive sinus care — from medical management to minimally invasive sinus procedures and advanced surgical solutions.
Our team proudly serves Memorial, Katy, The Woodlands, and the Greater Houston area with personalized, evidence-based care.
If sinus problems are affecting your breathing, sleep, or daily comfort, we’re here to help.
For more information or to schedule an appointment to see a Houston, Texas ENT, visit SCENTHouston.com or call 833-SCENT-MD (833-723-6863)
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